The Early Natural History of Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes

The Early Natural History of Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes II. Early Renal Structural Changes in Type 1 Diabetes Keith Drummond 1 , Michael Mauer 2 and for the International Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group 1 McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Abstract Renal structural abnormalities are known to precede the development of proteinuria, hypertension, and reduced renal function in patients with type 1 diabetes. The determinants of these early structural abnormalities are, however, largely unknown. The International Diabetic Nephropathy Study (IDNS) has recruited 243 children and adults (aged 10–40 years) in Montreal, Minneapolis, and Paris to identify and quantify these determinants. All study subjects were normotensive and had normal-to-high glomerular filtration rates (GFRs) and urinary albumin excretion rates (AERs)