The importance and implication of genetic resources in agriculture

The maintenance and preservation of biodiversity is going through the processes of conservation and restoration of disturbed ecosystems and habitats, as well as the preservation and recovery of species. Genetic diversity means the variety and total number of genes contained in plant and animal species and microorganisms. Genetic diversity is the basic unit of diversity, which is responsible for differences between individuals, populations and species. Genetic diversity is very important for the preservation of biodiversity and can be saved in several ways. Part of the germplasm is maintained through breeding programs as they evaluate germplasm stored and used as a source of needed diversity. The Convention on Biological Diversity is one of the most important international agreements to protect nature and conserve genetic resources. International treaties governing the use of genetic resources for food and agriculture are a way to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of plant resources for food and agriculture, and to regulate the rights of farmers. Ocuvanje biodiverziteta prolazi kroz procese konzervacije i obnavljanja ekosistema i spoljne sredine, kao i ocuvanje i oporavak vrsta. Geneticki diverzitet predstavlja ukupan broj koje sadrze biljne i zivotinjske vrste i mikroorganizmi. Ovaj diverzitet je osnovna jedinica ukupnog diverziteta koji je odgovoran za razlike izmedju jedinki, populacija i vrsta. Geneticki diverzitet, koji je vrlo znacajan za ocuvanje biodiverziteta moze da se ocuva na nekoliko nacina. Deo germplazme se odrzava kroz programe oplemenjivanja jer se u okviru njihove realizacije vrsi evaluacija uskladistene germplazme, kao i njeno koriscenje kao izvora potrebnog diverziteta.