Protocol for the examination and selection of potential living donors of bone tissue for the production of allografts

The responsible stage of choosing the source of bone allografts is the process of examination and selection of the donor, which includes moral and ethical, legal and medical aspects. The selection of potential donors should be carried out with the participation of a qualified doctor, with a thorough collection of anamnesis, social conditions and a general medical examination. Up to 48 % of all potential donors are rejected to collect bone in the pre-operative period; up to 22 % of the received tissues are not suitable for transplantation according to the results of further examinations. Purpose – to develop a protocol for the examination of potential living donors of bone tissue based on anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations to ensure the selection of high-quality bone material for the production of bone grafts. Materials and methods. From 01.01.2016 to 01.12.2021, 640 patients for hip replacement were involved in the selection of bone tissue donors. The following selection steps were applied: obtaining informed consent, filling in a questionnaire about the possibility of donation, express-tests for infections and X-ray morphometric examination based on the results of radiography of the hip joints in direct projection. Results. Based on the results of the examination of potential donors, it was established that the number of patients who were excluded from further research due to refusal to donate was 3 %, due to contraindications according to the results of filling out the questionnaire – 15 %, according to X-ray morphometric criteria – 51 %, according to the results of laboratory examination – 2 %. Conclusions. A protocol of examination of bone tissue donors for the production of scaffolds has been developed. It was established that about 30 % of all examined potential donors are suitable for donation.