KUALITAS AIR BERSIH DAN POTENSI DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM

ABSTRACT Muara Enim Regency has plateau and a relatively broad flood plain so that improving the quality of water that has been utilized by the community so far is a realistic solution to meet the needs of clean water. The study aimed to identify the relationship of the physical condition of water sources to chronic diseases suffered by residents and to explore water quality factors that had the potency to influence chronic diseases in the Muara Enim Regency. The research used a descriptive statistical approach and was cross-sectional by utilizing raw data from the 2015 and 2017 Integrated Database completed with water quality testing and literature studies. The variables including the physical condition of the water source, chronic diseases suffered, and water quality parameters. Data were analyzed using proportional difference tests and mapping of causal relationships. The results showed that stroke and rheumatism were chronic diseases that could potentially be caused indirectly by the physical condition of the water source. Clean water samples are known to contain organic materials that are difficult to decompose through microbiological processes, have the iron and H2S content that exceeds the Threshold Limit Value (TLV). The study concluded that deterioration of water sources was one of the main obstacles to supply safe and affordable clean water using the local water sources. Materials that exceed the TLV known had the potency to causing a chronic illness indirectly. Keywords: chronic disease, clean water provision, dissolved organic matter, physical condition of water sources ABSTRAK Kabupaten Muara Enim memiliki dataran tinggi dan dataran banjir yang relatif luas sehingga peningkatan kualitas air yang telah dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat selama ini merupakan solusi realistis untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kondisi fisik sumber air dengan penyakit kronis yang diderita oleh penduduk dan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor kualitas air yang berpotensi mempengaruhi penyakit kronis di Kabupaten Muara Enim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan statistik deskriptif dan bersifat potong lintang dengan menggunakan data mentah dari Basis Data Terpadu 2015 dan 2017 yang dilengkapi dengan pengujian kualitas air dan studi literatur. Variabel penelitian diantaranya kondisi fisik sumber air, penyakit kronis yang diderita, dan parameter kualitas air. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji perbedaan proporsiona