Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanol Fruit Pulp Extract of (Green Kiwi Fruit) Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F. Liang & A.R. Ferguson

The genus name Actinidia refers the Greek word aktinos (rays), which refers to the styles of the female flower, which radiate from the center and resemble the spokes of a wheel. China is the native origin of Kiwi fruit, therefore, it is national fruit of China. It is indigenous to the mountainous regions of southwestern and central china. It is mainly cultivated in Central Europe (New Zealand, Chile, Turkey, Portugal, Italy, Greece, France and Japan), United States and China. The fruits, stems and roots are used as diuretic, febrifuge and sedative. They are used in the treatment of stones in the urinary tract, rheumatoid arthralgia, cancers of the liver and oesophagus. The study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activities and GC-MS analysis of aqueous and ethanol fruit pulp extracts of Actinidia deliciosa. The antioxidant assays such as DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.‑) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activities, phoshomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reduction activities were carried out for aqueous and ethanol fruit pulp extracts. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity for aqueous extract was 84.79±0.46% and ethanol extract was 79.51±0.45% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 for aqueous extract and ethanol extract was 10.62 and 15.20 μg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum phosphomolybdenum reduction was 92.09±0.28% for aqueous extract and 82.07±0.16% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 for aqueous extract and ethanol extract was 13.09 and 20.02 μg/mL concentration respectively. GC-MS analysis of aqueous fruit pulp extract showed different active compounds such as Nonanal, Flavone, Phytol with retention time 16.82, 19.92 and 26.73. Also, the GC-MS analysis of ethanol fruit pulp extract possessed various phytocompounds such as Lithic acid, Oleic acid and Vitamin D with retention time 16.15, 18.9 and 20.28. These compounds exhibit antioxidant, hypocholestrolemic, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Keywords: Actinidiaceae, DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.‑) radical, ABTS•+ radical cation, Lithic acid, Oleic acid, Phenols.