STANDARDIZATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA

Objective: The objective of the current study was to identify, authenticate and prevent the adulteration of the plant Bougainvillea glabra. The following physicochemical parameters such as standardization, extraction and preliminary phytochemical screening helped in correct identification of the plant Bougainvillea glabra.Methods: Standardization includes the estimation of physicochemical parameters such as loss on drying, determination of pH range, determination of total ash, determination of water soluble ash, determination of acid insoluble ash, determination of sulfated ash and determination of hot water and ethanol-extractable matter. Preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC studies for all the extracts like chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were carried out by standard methods.Results: Results of loss on drying and the total ash value were found to be 8.1+0.24 and 6.26±0.05 respectively. The result for water soluble ash was found to be 1.34+0.04. The results for acid insoluble ash and sulfated ash were found to be 1.35±0.03 and 1.10±0.07, respectively. The values for water soluble and ethanol soluble extractive parameters were found to be 23.45±1.13 and 12.32±0.41 respectively Preliminary phytochemical screening for all the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, -glycosides and steroids in Bougainvillea glabra. Major constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and glycosides were present in methanol extract. Alkaloids and flavonoids were also found in chloroform extract. The thin layer chromatography analysis of Bougainvillea glabra chloroform extract showed the presence of steroids with Rf values of 0.66 and 0.34 in benzene: ethyl acetate (85:15), chloroform: methanol (8:2) solvent systems correspondingly. The TLC analysis of ethyl acetate extract showed the presence of flavonoids with Rf values of 0.66 and 0.75 in toluene: dioxin: acetic acid (78:14:5) chloroform: acetone: formic acid (64:12.3:3.2) solvent systems, correspondingly.Conclusion: The results of standardization parameters ensure quality and purity of the plant material Bougainvillea glabra. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents like flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides. TLC studies indicated the ash value, pH determination and solubility parameters. The data obtained from the present study provide useful data which will helpful in identification and doing research work in future.