Comparing Efficacy of Online Real-time Classes with On-demand Viewing Classes

We conducted programming classes in the second semester of 2021 at an engineering college. These classes targeted first-year students in online settings. A total of 137 students from the Faculty of Engineering participated. Classes were delivered in real-time and students had the option to watch the recorded videos and submit their assignments on demand. This setting initially presents two potential problems: 1) Teachers cannot ensure students participate on time; 2) Unmotivated students might opt for on-demand study and eventually neglect their studies. To address these anticipated disadvantages, we implemented a strategy where students had to write reaction papers and submit assignments after each session. Through this approach, we aimed to sustain their motivation. We conducted four courses. Although three of them had a high number of real-time attendees, the scores showed no significant variations. The questionnaire associated with the reaction paper enabled a comprehensive evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the two instructional delivery methods. We think this approach to be highly effective for online classes. Optimally, in online classes, students should have the freedom to select the class format that complements their own learning style, tailored to their environment and preferences.