A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF NUTRITOINS IMPACT ON ASTHMA PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. Prevalence has continued to climb in recent decades as Western food habits have become more popular. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 2000--October 2022) for randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of diet in adults with asthma. Results: Among the 12,215 studies that were searched, only 12 were included. Obese people with asthma may benefit from a drop in weight of at least 7.5% from baseline due to calorie restriction. The influence of a diet high in items with putative antioxidant effect on asthma management was small and not clinically significant. Antioxidant supplements studies have shown positive results, with magnesium supplementation improving asthma management and vitamin C supplementation slowing the decrease of lung function. Studies on the impact of fatty acid supplementation on weight reduction, asthma management, and lung function all showed positive results. Propolis and caffeine have been shown to significantly improve lung function in clinical trials. But the opposite was found in research on high salt diets and lung function reductions. Conclusions: For individuals who are overweight and suffer from asthma, the optimal dietary strategy seems to be calorie restriction rather than focusing on individual food groups.