Ključni aspekti promišljanja o odgoju u filozofiji Johna Deweya

Pitanje odgoja staro je koliko i život sâm, a njegovi ključni elementi zaokupljaju i dalje misli brojnih pedagoga, psihologa, filozofa, sociologa itd. Mnogo je stručnjaka različitih profila koji se bave temom odgoja, no jedno se ime posebno ističe, ime uz koje se veže pojam suvremenog odgoja i reforme obrazovanja – John Dewey. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati u glavnim crtama njegovu teoriju i primjenu teorije u domeni filozofije odgoja, ističući važnost odgoja kao društvene funkcije u službi civilizacijskog opstanka i napretka. Upravo je društveni i tehnološki napredak potaknuo Deweyja na ideju reforme obrazovanja, u čijem je središtu bio praktični rad i eksperimentalna metoda, s ciljem postizanja ravnoteže između znanja i vještina. Značajan dio Deweyjeve filozofije odgoja posvećen je odgoju i obrazovanju, a uz taj aspekt bit će prikazana i opća promišljanja o odgoju, njegovim ciljevima, svrsi i definiciji, te moralu kao iznimno značajnom odgojno-obrazovnom aspektu. The question of education is as old as life itself, and its elements, which have been questioned throughout history, still occupy the minds of many pedagogues, psychologists, philosophers and sociologists today. There are many different experts dealing with education, but one name is particularly important, the name that links the notion of contemporary education and education reform – John Dewey. The aim of this paper is to present his theory and its application in the domain of the philosophy of education, emphasizing the importance of education as a social function in the service of civilizational survival and progress. Social and technological advancement prompted Dewey to the idea of education reform, with focus on practical work and experimental method and with the aim of achieving a balance between knowledge and skills. A significant part of Dewey's philosophy of education is devoted precisely to education. This paper presents general reflections on education, its goals, purpose and definition, and morals as a significant educational aspect, all combining pragmatic approach, making experience and knowledge gained with practical work a priority.