Pharmacogenomics in Drug Discovery and Development Research

In the last decade of the 20th century, the development of high throughput screening (HTS) and combinatorial chemistry technologies accelerated the drug discovery process. In the 21st century, emerging genomic technologies (i.e., bioinformatics, functional genomics, and pharmacogenomics) are shifting the paradigm of drug discovery and development. This review summaries recent advances in toxicogenomics and pharmacogenomics for drug discovery research. In particular, we describe genetic polymorphisms and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters which are critically involved in pharmacokinetics profiles of various drugs.