Estimation of some Nutrient Values of Quinoa, Chia, Teff, Mung Bean and Buckwheat Seeds for Ruminants by In Vitro Methods

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the availability of quinoa, chia, teff, mung bean, and buckwheat as an alternative feed in ruminant nutrition.Material and Methods: The materials were composed of quinoa (white, black, red), chia (white, black), teff, mung beans and buckwheat, which have passed their shelf life due to tear or damage in their package. Fatty acid components as well as enzyme soluble organic matter (ESOM) under in vitro conditions were also determined in addition to crude nutrient contents. Metabolic energy (ME), using the obtained data, was also calculated.Results: It was found out that the crude protein (CP) contents were 14.04-15.38% in quinoa, 19.90-21.73% in chia, 11.98% in teff, 25.20% in mung bean, and 13.72% in buckwheat. Ether extract (EE) contents; however, were found out to be 7.13-7.97%, 30.84-35.75%, 2.46, % 3.48%, and 5.25%. The highest amount of linoleic acid was found in chia (60.71-66.17%). ESOM contents was determined at high level in white quinoa, mung bean, and buckwheat. However, in vitro ME contents were found at the highest level in chia.Conclusion: Quinoa has the potential to be an alternative to traditional cereals during early lactation period in ruminant animals, in which energy need is at its highest level, or as a source of energy in fattening period. Chia has a high potential to be effective in preventing heat stress, especially in dairy cattle. The high linolenic acid content of chia oil may allow the milk fat to be enriched by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), one of the polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has been determined that teff and buckwheat can be alternatives to other cereals, whereas mung bean, due to its crude protein being high and being rich in minerals is a significant alternative for feed producers who have been in search of new sources of protein recently. Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, kinoa, chia, teff, maş fasulyesi ve karabuğdayın alternatif yem ham maddesi olarak ruminant beslemede kullanılabilirliğini araştırmaktır.Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma materyalini, ambalajın yırtılması, hasar görmesi vb. nedenlerle raf ömrü dolan kinoa (beyaz, siyah, kırmızı), chia (beyaz, siyah), teff, maş fasulyesi ve karabuğday oluşturmuştur. Ham besin madde içeriklerinin yanı sıra yağ asiti bileşenleri ve in vitro koşullarda enzimde çözünen organik madde miktarları (EÇOM) belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerden yararlanılarak metabolik enerji (ME) içerikleri hesaplanmıştır.Bulgular: Ham protein (HP) i