Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha Levels After Surgical Anti‐Infective Mechanical Therapy for Peri‐Implantitis: A 12‐Month Follow‐Up

Background: The aim of the present case series was to evaluate the effects of a surgical anti‐infective mechanical therapy for peri‐implantitis on clinical parameters and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) levels at 12 months post‐therapy. Methods: Ten patients with peri‐implantitis were treated with open surgical debridement, abrasive sodium carbonate air‐powder, and resin curets. Clinical parameters were recorded before and 3 and 12 months after therapy. At these time points, the total amounts of TNF‐α in the peri‐implant crevicular fluid were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results: At 3 and 12 months, the anti‐infective therapy resulted in significant improvements in all clinical parameters (P