Characterization and gastroprotective effects of Rosa brunonii Lindl. fruit on gastric mucosal injury in experimental rats – A preliminary study

Gastric ulcer is the most prevalent disorder affecting a large population. Rosa brunonii Lindl. fruit (RBF) has traditionally been used to treat stomach pains. Therefore, the current work aimed to isolate, characterize, and investigate the gastro-protective effect of Rosa brunonii Lindl. fruit chloroform extract (RBFCE) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Quercetin 3-O-glucoside (QUE-G) was isolated and characterized by modern spectroscopic techniques. RBFCE was orally administered at 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg doses for ten days. Gastric ulcer was induced by a single dose of absolute ethanol (5 ml/kg) on the last day of the study. Histological changes were calculated, along with ulcer inhibition and the ulcer index (UI). Gastric juice volume, pH, acidity, mucus content, and protein content were evaluated to understand the mechanism underlying its gastroprotective effect. Omeprazole (OMP) was used as the positive control. RBFCE at a dose of 750 mg/kg significantly (p