Lexical representation of the basic emotions in the Gothic language: Etymological aspect

In recent decades, linguistic research has seen an expansion of the range of issues that address the relationship between emotions and language. The importance of studying the emotive vocabulary in languages of the world is proven by an increased interest in the analysis of various aspects of emotive vocabulary, also by the development of the history of emotion as an independent theoretical concept of modern linguistics. One of the areas of analysis is the study of emotive vocabulary in texts written in ancient languages from the point of view of its etymological, functional, stylistic and semantic characteristics. The study of ancient Germanic emotive vocabulary contributes to the reconstruction of fragments of a medieval person’s emotional picture, contributes to the systematization of linguistic means of representing emotions and clarification of the norms of socially prescribed emotional behavior in a particular linguistic culture. The purpose of this article is to identify an inventory of the lexical and semantic group “basic emotions” in the Gothic language and to characterize their etymological links. The article is a case study of 119 lexical units, representing both the names of basic emotions and their manifestations as reactions in Gothic texts. The empirical material for analysis was formed using continuous sampling. The analysis of the language material was carried out using the methods of scientific description and generalization, the method of analyzing dictionary definitions, interpreting the results, and using the method of quantitative calculation. In this article, the emotive vocabulary (i.e. emotives) is understood as a set of language units with differing structural and functional characteristics (lexical, phraseological, syntactic, morphological, textual), in the semantics of which emotions are reflected in different proportions. The inventory of emotion vocabulary includes lexical and phraseological emotive units that are capable of expressing emotional experiences independently, and emotive means of the phonetic, prosodic, morphological, syntactic levels, which are of an auxiliary nature. The article analyzes a group of emotive units of the first type. The emotive vocabulary of the Gothic language is a system of lexical means functionally aiming at the social coding of the emotional behavior accepted in the corresponding language community. The lexical units of the Gothic emotive vocabulary include direct representations of emotions