A New In Vitro Model of Specific Targeting Therapy of Cancer: Retargeting of PWM-LAK Cells with Bispecific Antibodies Greatly Enhances Cytotoxicity to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

For the purpose of establishing a new in vitro model of adoptive immunotherapy, we synthesized two kinds of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), i.e., (OK×L) BsAbs constructed with both OKT-3 (anti-CD3) and L-7-6 (anti-HCC), and (3G×L) BsAbs constructed with 3-G-8 (anti-CD16) and L-7-6 antibodies. These two BsAbs, having pairs of binding arms on their single molecule, showed similar binding to target cells as the parental monoclonal antibodies (OKT-3, 3-G-8 and L-7-6), when examined with FACS. Newly devised in vitro cytotoxicity tests revealed that LAK or PWM-stimulated LAK (PWM-LAK) cells did not show any significant cytotoxic activity to HCC cells, while both effector cells equally showed greatly enhanced cytotoxicity to HCC even at a low effector/target (0.3) in the presence of BsAbs (OK×L) for the efficient retargeting of the effector cells. Inasmuch as PWM-LAK cells proliferate in vitro 3-5 times faster than LAK cells, adoptive immunotherapy using PWM-LAK cells in combination with (OK×L) BsAbs should be very promising.