Substrates based on swine wastewater in the production of seedlings of Guazuma ulmifolia (Malvaceae)

Abstract Swine wastewater (sw) can boost seedling growth and development in several species as this residue is rich in nutrients required by plants. This study tested the hypothesis that seedlings of Guazuma ulmifolia grown in a substrate based on swine wastewater showed better physiological and mor...

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Veröffentlicht in:Rodriguésia 2022, Vol.73
Hauptverfasser: Silva, Patricia Oliveira da, Carlos, Leandro, Costa, Andreia Mendes da, Alves, José Milton
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Abstract Swine wastewater (sw) can boost seedling growth and development in several species as this residue is rich in nutrients required by plants. This study tested the hypothesis that seedlings of Guazuma ulmifolia grown in a substrate based on swine wastewater showed better physiological and morphological performance. The seedlings were cultivated in seven substrates: T1 - rice husk and vermiculite; T2 - 20% sw; T3 - 40% sw; T4 - 60% sw; T5 - 80% sw; T6 - 100% sw; and T7 - 100% Bioplant®. Were evaluated the height (H), diameter (D), number of leaves (NF), as well as the H to D ratio, chlorophyll indices, gas exchange, biomass, allometric ratios, Dickson Quality Index (DQI), and mortality percentage of the seedlings. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and the means were compared by Tukey’s test. The substrates with the highest percentage of swine sludge promoted the highest H, D, NF, chlorophyll indices, gas exchange, stem biomass and IQD. The highest mortality was obtained in commercial substrate (85%) and carbonized rice husk and vermiculite (37.5%). Can be concluded that the substrates with high swine wastewater content were better for seedling G. ulmifolia. Resumo A água residuária de suínos (ars) pode impulsionar o crescimento e o desenvolvimento de mudas em várias espécies, pois esse resíduo é rico em nutrientes necessários às plantas. Este estudo testou a hipótese de que mudas de Guazuma ulmifolia cultivadas em substrato à base de lodo suíno apresentam melhor desempenho fisiológico e morfológico. As mudas foram cultivadas em sete substratos: T1 - casca de arroz e vermiculita; T2 - 20% ars; T3 - 40% ars; T4 - 60% ars; T5 - 80% ars; T6 - 100% ars; e T7 - 100% Bioplant®. Foram avaliados a altura (H), diâmetro (D), número de folhas (NF), bem como a razão H para D, índices de clorofila, trocas gasosas, biomassa, razões alométricas, Índice de Qualidade Dickson (IQD), e a porcentagem de mudas mortas. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. Os substratos com a maior porcentagem de lodo suíno promoveram a maior H, D, NF, índices de clorofilas, trocas gasosas, biomassa caulinar e IQD. A maior mortalidade foi obtida no substrato comercial (85%) e casca de arroz carbonizada e vermiculita (37,5%). Pode-se concluir que os substratos com alto teor de lodo de suíno foram os melhores para as mudas de G. ulmifolia.
ISSN:0370-6583
2175-7860
DOI:10.1590/2175-7860202273066