Dental surgical care in blood dyscrasias patients: an epidemiological study

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Brazil, about 18.500 people have some kind of hereditary coagulopathy. In combination, the increase in life expectancy has led to an increasingly frequent presence of older people in medical offices. These patients make use of many drugs, including those that produce anticoagulant effects. The dentist should be aware about the impact of bleeding disorders during the approach of their patients, especially if invasive procedures are considered. Objective: To identify the most prevalent blood dyscrasias presented by patients covered by the Program of dental surgical care to patients with blood dyscrasias; to establish the presence of associated diseases and investigate the correlation between pre- and postoperative drug protocols and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Methods: This was an epidemiological retrospective cross-sectional study of medical reports used by the program. After the survey of defined variables, data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel ® software and evaluated using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: One patient was identified as having Human Immunodeficiency Virus and 18 with Hepatitis C virus. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with haemophilia B and Hepatitis C. The administration of tranexamic acid as pre- and post-surgical protocol was the therapy of choice. Of the 11 patients with vWD, 7 of them received tranexamic acid as preoperative medication. Conclusion: The appropriate retention system for the patient depends on several factors, including indication, advantages and disadvantages, retention provided, aesthetics and clinical performance. RESUMO Introdução: No Brasil, cerca de 18.500 pessoas apresentam algum tipo de coagulopatia hereditária. O aumento da expectativa de vida tem levado a uma presença cada vez mais frequente de idosos nos consultórios médicos. Esses pacientes fazem uso de diversos medicamentos, inclusive aqueles que produzem efeitos anticoagulantes. O dentista deve estar ciente do impacto dos distúrbios hemorrágicos durante a abordagem de seus pacientes, especialmente se procedimentos invasivos forem considerados. Objetivos: Identificar as discrasias sanguíneas mais prevalentes apresentadas pelos pacientes atendidos pelo Programa de assistência cirúrgica odontológica a pacientes com discrasias sanguíneas; estabelecer a presença de doenças associadas e investigar a correlação entre os protocolos medicamentosos pré e pós-operatórios e