Dietary pattern among vulnerable puerperal women and their relation with food insecurity in the Northeast of Brazil

Abstract Objectives: to identify dietary patterns (DP) ofpostpartum women and to evaluate the effect of food insecurity, age, and level of schooling on unhealthy DP. Methods: Cohort carried out by non-probabilistic consecutive sampling process in a city in the Northeast region in Brazil, between 201...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 2024-11, Vol.24
Hauptverfasser: Soares, Larissa de Lima, Longo-Silva, Giovana, Silveira, Jonas Augusto Cardoso da, Silva-Neto, Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro, Freire, Jéssica Karlla Silva, Marinho, Patrícia de Menezes, Leal, Vanessa Sá, Oliveira, Juliana Souza, Clemente, Ana Paula Grotti, Menezes, Risia Cristina Egito de
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Abstract Objectives: to identify dietary patterns (DP) ofpostpartum women and to evaluate the effect of food insecurity, age, and level of schooling on unhealthy DP. Methods: Cohort carried out by non-probabilistic consecutive sampling process in a city in the Northeast region in Brazil, between 2017-2018. From the food frequency questionnaires, DP were derived by principal component analysis in the 3rd (n=207), 6th (n=195), and 12th month (n=183) postpartum. The associations between DP and the independent variables were investigated using mixed effects logistic regression model. Results: two dietary patterns were identified: predominantly healthy DP (PHDP) and predominantly ultra-processed DP (PUPDP). It was found that the higher the age (OR= 0.92; CI95%= 0.85-0.99; p=0.031) and the level of schooling (OR= 0.81; CI95%= 0.70-0.93; p=0.003), the lower the chance of adherence to PUPDP. Families with some level of food insecurity were more likely to adhere to PUPDP (OR= 1.55; CI95%= 1.01-2.37;p=0.044). Conclusion: adherence to PUPDP increases with the level of food insecurity. The higher age and level of schooling decrease adherence to this DP. These findings provide support for the association between food insecurity, age and education with adherence to PUPDP, suggesting the needfor effective measures to ensure food security, particularly for vulnerable populations. Resumo Objetivos: identificar padrões alimentares (PA) de mulheres pós-parto e avaliar o efeito da insegurança alimentar, da idade e do nível de escolaridade no PA não saudável. Métodos: Coorte realizada por processo de amostragem consecutiva não probabilística em município da região Nordeste do Brasil, entre 2017-2018. A partir dos questionários de frequência alimentar, foram derivados PA por análises de componentes principais no 3º (n=207), 6º (n=195) e 12º mês (n=183) pós-parto. As associações entre os PA e as variáveis independentes foram investigadas utilizando modelo de regressão logística de efeitos mistos. Resultados: foram identificados dois padrões alimentares: PA predominantemente saudável (PAPS) e PA predominantemente ultraprocessado (PAPUP). Identificou-se que quanto maior a idade (OR= 0,92; IC95%= 0,85-0,99; p=0,031) e o nível de escolaridade (OR= 0,81; IC95%= 0,70-0,93; p=0,003), menor foi a chance de adesão ao PAPUP. Famílias com algum nível de insegurança alimentar apresentaram maior chance de aderir ao PAPUP (OR= 1,55; IC95%= 1,01-2,37; p=0,044). Conclusão: a adesão ao PAPUP aum
ISSN:1519-3829
1806-9304
DOI:10.1590/1806-9304202400000070-en