Use of toxic bait to manage the south american fruit fly in apple orchards in Southern Brazil
Abstract Anastrepha fraterculus the South American fruit fly, is an important insect pest in apple orchards of southern Brazil, especially in small farms, where it often causes total crop loss. Experiments were conducted to evaluate, during four crop seasons (2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2012/2013, and 201...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 2021-01, Vol.43 (6) |
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Zusammenfassung: | Abstract Anastrepha fraterculus the South American fruit fly, is an important insect pest in apple orchards of southern Brazil, especially in small farms, where it often causes total crop loss. Experiments were conducted to evaluate, during four crop seasons (2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2012/2013, and 2013/2014) in organic and conventional apple orchards in southern Brazil, the toxic bait formulation ANAMED™ (oils and waxes 49.0% + M7 attractant 24.2% + spinosad insecticide 0.1%) for its capacity to reduce the South American fruit fly population. ANAMED applications started after apples with an average diameter of 20 mm had been thinned, and they were made every 14 days until harvest. ANAMED was sprayed on non-crop vegetation growing on the edges of the orchards at a rate of 1.0 kg.ha-1. Adult fruit flies were monitored weekly using McPhail traps baited with Torula™ yeast. Injured fruits were evaluated seven days before harvest. ANAMED reduced the adult population of trapped fruit flies captured in all crop seasons and the injured fruit, except for the first year of evaluation (2009/2010). In conclusion, the sequential use of ANAMED toxic bait over time significantly reduced adult populations of A. fraterculus and the percentage of fruits injured by this pest.
Resumo Anastrepha fraterculus a mosca-das-frutas-sul-americana, é uma importante praga em pomares de macieira do sul do Brasil, principalmente em pequenas propriedades, onde costuma causar perda total da safra. Experimentos foram conduzidos com objetivo de avaliar, por quatro safras (2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2012/2013 e 2013/2014) em pomares de maçã orgânica e convencional no sul do Brasil, a formulação de isca tóxica ANAMED® (óleos e ceras 49,0% + atrativo M7 24,2% + inseticida spinosad 0,1%) quanto à capacidade de reduzir a população da espécie. As aplicações da ANAMED começaram após o raleio, quando as frutas estavam com diâmetro médio de 20 mm, sendo reaplicada a cada 14 dias até a colheita. ANAMED foi pulverizado na vegetação de borda dos pomares a uma taxa de 1,0 kg.ha-1. Moscas-da-frutas foram monitoradas semanalmente usando armadilhas McPhail iscadas com levedura Torula®. Frutos danificados foram avaliados sete dias antes da colheita. As aplicações de iscas tóxicas ANAMED reduziu a população de adultos de moscas-das-frutas e danos em frutos em todas as safras, exceto no primeiro ano de avaliação (2009/2010). Em conclusão, o uso sequencial da isca tóxica ANAMED ao longo do tempo reduziu significativame |
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ISSN: | 0100-2945 1806-9967 1806-9967 |
DOI: | 10.1590/0100-29452021769 |