Perinatal aspects of early neonatal period disorders in children with COVID-19 transmitted by the mother during pregnancy

through various mechanisms: increased rates of preterm birth, placental infection that can disrupt placental-fetal exchange, and through transmission of the virus in utero, during childbirth or after birth. Purpose - to determine the characteristics of the state of newborns and the neonatal period, depending on the severity of the mother’s illness with COVID-19. Materials and methods. Under observation were 14 newborns (group 1), whose mothers were ill with severe COVID-19 and needed intensive care in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care, and 46 children from mothers with moderate COVID-19, who were treated in the infectious diseases and obstetrics department (group 2). Results. In mothers with COVID-19, especially when the disease is severe, the fetus is exposed to direct and indirect negative effects of a viral infection, which is confirmed by signs of placental insufficiency in the vast majority of pregnant women (71.4%) and its clinical manifestations in the form of distress and fetal growth retardation (50.0% and 35.7%, respectively), placental dysfunction was confirmed pathohistologically. Dangerous for the fetus are oligohydramnios in 50.0% of women up to ahydramnios (14.3%), preeclampsia (14.3%), caesarean section (57.1%), premature rupture of fruit membranes (14.3%) and preterm birth (28.0%). 42.9% of children are born in a state of asphyxia, with 14.3% having severe asphyxia, 35.7% of children were born weighing less than 2500 g. A positive test for COVID-19 was observed in 7.1% of newborns. 21.4% of children were diagnosed with pneumonia, 35.7% had respiratory distress syndrome. Children from mothers with COVID-19 have a high incidence of maladaptation syndromes (64.3%). In addition to RDS, there was a high incidence of neurological disorders (57.1%) in the form of a syndrome of depression, gastrointestinal syndrome (50.0%), thermoregulation disorders (42.9%), and 35.7% had hypoglycemic and hemorrhagic syndromes. Necrotizing enterocolitis was diagnosed in children with pneumonia on the 5-7th day of life. Conclusions. Disorders in children from mothers with COVID-19 at birth and a high incidence of maladjustment syndromes, the risk of health and cognitive impairment in the future necessitate further scientific research, active follow-up of this new cohort of children and the development of prevention and rehabilitation measures. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study pr