Distribution of 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS Wheat-rye Translocations in Iranian Wheat, Using PCR Based Markers and SDS-PAGE

Short arm of rye chromosome 1 (1RS) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement is being widely utilized by many plant breeders. The 1BL. 1RS translocation derived from the Russian wheat cultivar "Kavkaz", carring genes for major wheat diseases such as stem, strip and leaf rusts and powdery mildew resistance. The 1AL.1RS translocation derived from "Amigo", possessing resistance genes for stem rust, powdery mildew and greenbug. The distribution of the wheat-rye translocations 1BL.1RS and 1AL.1RS was studied in 44 Iranian wheat cultivars (29 bread wheat cultivars and 15 durum wheats). In this study the presence of the translocations was identified in 5 cultivars (Dez, Atrak, Rasul, Falat and Moghan3), using SDS-PAGE technique and 3 DNA markers based PCR. The both results of PCR based markers and SDS-PAGE showed that the frequency of the 1BL.1RS in Iranian bread wheat is very low (5 cultivars of bread wheat) and 1AL.1RS did not exist in Iranian wheat backgrounds. Such techniques are quick and reliable tools to recognize and to distinguish these two wheat-rye translocations in wheat genetic background.