A Probe to Measure Friction Coefficient of Cohesionless Soils

A probe is designed to measure the in-place value of internal friction angle for cohesionless soils. The behavior of the blunt probe is similar to that of a rough footing forced into the soil. The face of the probe is split and capable of measuring shear forces which vary with the internal friction angle of the soil. A series of static penetration tests in dry sand show the variation of the ratio of shear and normal forces on the probe face (R/N) with soil friction angle φ.