Some Features of Excited States Density Matrix Calculation and Their Pairing Relations in Conjugated Systems

Direct PPP-type calculations of self-consistent (SC) density matrices for excited states are described and the corresponding “thawn” molecular orbitals (MO) are discussed. Special atten­tion is addressed to particular solutions arising in conjugated systems of a certain symmetry, and to their chemical implications. The U(2) and U(3) algebras are applied, respectively, to the 4- electron and 6-electron cases; a natural separation of excited states in different cases follows. A simple approach to the convergence problem for excited states is given. The complementarity relations, an alternative formulation of the pairing theorem valid for heteromolecules and non-alternant systems, allow some fruitful experimental applications. Together with the extended pairing relations shown here, they may help to rationalize general trends.