TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDES AS PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS: POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS FOR USE (RE-VIEW)

The increased interest in the study of the growth-regulating activity of triterpene glycosides (TG) in recent years is largely due to the need to create new highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth biostimulants, the use of which is considered as an important strategy in managing the productivity and stress resistance of agricultural crops. Тhe review presents information available in the literature on phytoregulatory activity TG with an emphasis on their growth-stimulating properties. The physiological effects of TG in bioassays on phytohormonal activity are considered. The auxin- gibberellin- and cytokinin-like effect of TG on growth and metabolism (changes in the activity of enzymes: α-amylase, peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, IAA oxidase, nitrate reductase, chlorophyll and protein content), was shown depending on the structure of TG, concentration and the tested plant. The issues of the mechanism of the growth-stimulating action and the possible involvement of TG and free triterpenes in physiological processes in plants are discussed. The relationships between the structure and phytoregulatory activity of TG was analyzed. The effect of exogenous TG and triterpenoids on plants under abiotic stresses, as well as the possibility of using some TG, extracts of saponin-bearing plants (Сamellia sp., Silphium perfoliatum, Medicago sativa, Glycine max, Vigna radiata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Moringa oleifera, Solidago gigantea, Centella asiatica, Eclipta alba, Quillaja saponaria, Bacopa monnieri et al.) and plant extracts containing triterpenoids (Abies sibirica, Betula sp.) in crop production as plant growth regulators, is considered.