SELECTION OF OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR ACCUMULATION AND EXTRACTION OF PHENOLIC COM-POUNDS FROM BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RAW MATERIALS OF IRIS L. REPRESENTATIVES

For optimal accumulation of biomass and phenolic compounds (flavonoids, tannins, xanthones, hydroxycinnamic acids) from Iris sibirica and Iris spuria in tissue culture, it is desirable to use a medium containing 1.0 to 2.5 µm BAP. The high content of cytokinin caused a stressful situation, at the first stage of which there was a mass formation of adventitious and axillary shoots, then with an increase in the concentration of the hormone, the reproduction coefficient decreased, the plants stopped reproducing, stopped growing and died. In extreme conditions, phenolic compounds are spent on the performance of protective functions, in connection with which there was a drop in their overall level in the tissues of irises. For biotechnological raw materials of Iris L. representatives, the efficiency of subcritical sequential extraction was compared with traditional methods (in Soxlet type apparatus). In subcritical conditions have been removed more flavonoids and tannins: in fraction 96% ethanol of flavonoids and tannins – in 2 times; at a fraction of 60% ethanol flavonoids – 2 times, tanning – 3 times; at a fraction of the water of flavonoids in 3 times, tanning – 1.4 times. The water in the apparatus of soxlet extracted 1.3 times more hydroxycinnamic acids than in subcritical conditions. The ratio of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins tannins in aeroponic raw material of Iris sibirica L. varieties Sterkh traditional extraction was determined as 13 : 1, the extraction in subcritical conditions 8 : 1.