AMINO-ACID COMPOSITION OF ATRIPLEX PATULA L. AND AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS L. (AMARANTHACE-AE) GROWING IN CENTRAL YAKUTIA

The research goal is comparative study the amino acid composition of seeds and leaves of Atriplex patula L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. from the flora of Central Yakutia (the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Leaves and seeds of A. patula and A. retroflexus were sampled in August 2016 in the fruiting phase. Biochemical and amino acid composition, the content of crude protein, fat, calcium and phosphorus of the abovementioned plants was studied at the premises of the State budgetary institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) "Yakut Republican Veterinary Testing Laboratory". From 14 studied amino acids, 9 are stated to be irreplaceable. The total amount of the studied amino acids in A. patula made up 3.3±0.2% in leaves and 3.6±0.2% in seeds; while A. retroflexus contained 4.2±0.2% in leaves and 3.8±0.2% in seeds. The irreplaceable amino acid composition included lysine, leucine and isoleucine, methionine, valine, threonine, arginine, histidine, and phenylalanine. The interchangeable amino acid composition was represented by tyrosine, proline, serine, alanine and glycine. The sum of irreplaceable amino acids in A. patula made up 2.07±0.10% in leaves and 2.30±0.12% in seeds; in A. retroflexus the irreplaceable amino acids totaled 2.63±0.13% in leaves and 2.20±0.11% in seeds. It should be noted that histidine is absent in seeds and the low content of phenylalanine in seeds – 2.8 times and leaves – 4.5 times in A. patula compared to A. retroflexus. The obtained data indicate that in the leaves and seeds of A. retroflexus in comparison with A. patula, the content of crude protein is 1.5 times higher, the calcium content is higher to 2.3 times, the phosphorus content is lower: in leaves 3.3 times, in seeds - in 1.4 times. The results of the study show the biological value and perspectivity of the two studied species as a promising source of natural biological active substances to be used in medicine and agriculture.