Thermal management for CW operation of large-area double-lattice photonic-crystal lasers

Thermal management for the continuous wave (CW) operation of large-area double-lattice photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) is discussed. Thermal analysis is conducted to calculate the temperature of PCSELs under CW operation with heat dissipation. We assemble a double-lattice PCSEL in a water-cooling package with a highly thermally conductive sub-mount for heat dissipation. We measure the device temperature by using a thermographic camera and compare the measured values with the calculations. Owing to proper heat dissipation, we successfully realize ∼ 8 W of output power under CW operation of a single-chip double-lattice PCSEL.