Optical configuration of an N ∶ 2 N reversible decoder using a LiNbO 3 -based Mach–Zehnder interferometer

These days when integrated circuit (IC) designers are facing an uphill task in limiting energy/heat dissipation, reversible computing is emerging as a potential candidate with vast application in fields like nanotechnology, quantum-dot cellular automata, and low power IC. Optical reversible logics have turned up to offer high speed and low energy computations with almost no loss of input information when a certain (arithmetic or logical) operation is performed. This paper explores an optical implementation of an optimized Fredkin gate that is employed to design an N : 2 N reversible decoder. The optical designs have been carried out using the electro-optic effect of a lithium niobate ( L i N b O 3 )-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer under the beam propagation method (BPM) with Optiwave’s OptiBPM tool. The mathematical model of output power of these designs is also performed along with its validation in MATLAB.