Properties of Reduced Charge Montmorillonite: Tetra-Alkylammonium Ion Exchange Forms
Surface properties of reduced charge montmorillonites (RCM) whose exchange capacities were saturated with tetra-alkylammonium cations, were studied with X-ray diffraction, nitrogen, and water adsorption. Methods were utilized for preparing montmorillonite of varying charge and of swelling reduced-ch...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Clays and clay minerals 1974-06, Vol.22 (3), p.223-229 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
Zusammenfassung: | Surface properties of reduced charge montmorillonites (RCM) whose exchange capacities were saturated with tetra-alkylammonium cations, were studied with X-ray diffraction, nitrogen, and water adsorption. Methods were utilized for preparing montmorillonite of varying charge and of swelling reduced-charge clay with ethanol. As charge reduction proceeds, all layers retain some exchangeable cations until about half the original charge is reached at which point collapsed layers begin to appear and increase to about 60 per cent at maximum charge reduction. Charge reduction thus appears to proceed in a non-homogeneous fashion. When saturating exchange sites with tetra-alkylammonium ions in ethanol solvent, intercalation of salt in uncharged layers was noted if the samples were not completely washed. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms at liquid nitrogen temperatures showed considerable interlamellar penetration of tetramethylammonium (TMA + ) clays, resulting in high calculated surface areas. Much less adsorption on the tetra- n -propylammonium (TPA + ) clays was observed. Surface areas were increased upon reduction of charge up to the point where collapsed layers began to be appreciable, whereupon measured areas decreased. Water adsorption isotherms reflected the hydration properties of the exchangeable cation as well as the surface available for adsorption.
Les propriétés de surface de montmorillonites à charge réduite (RCM) dont la capacité d’echange est saturée par des cations tétraalkylammonium, ont été étudiées par diffraction des rayons X, adsorption d’azote et d’eau. Pour préparer la montmorillonite de charge variable et l’argile gonflante à charge réduite, on a utilisé des méthodes à l’éthanol. Lors de la réduction de la charge, tous les feuillets gardent un certain nombre de cations échangeables jusqu’à ce que la moitié de la charge initiale, environ, soit atteinte; à ce moment, des feuillets fermés commencent à apparaître et ils atteignent une proportion d’environ 60 pour cent au maximum de la réduction de charge. La réduction de charge semble donc se passer d’une manière non homogène. Lorsqu’on sature les sites d’échange avec des ions tétraalkylammonium en solution éthanolique, on note une intercalation de sel entre les feuillets non chargés si les échantillons ne sont pas complètement lavés. Les isothermes d’adsorption d’azote à la température de l’azote liquide indiquent une pénétration interlamellaire considérable des argiles tétramethylammonium (TMA + ) |
---|---|
ISSN: | 0009-8604 1552-8367 |
DOI: | 10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220304 |