Predictors of Healthcare Utilization in Newly Diagnosed Myeloma

Introduction The introduction of novel therapies has significantly improved outcomes in myeloma. However, the economic burden of enhanced healthcare utilization is significant and cannot be discounted. This study sought to identify baseline characteristics that may influence outcomes and subsequent healthcare utilization. Patients were also stratified by induction therapy to determine the impact newer combinations have on healthcare utilization. Methods This retrospective single-center study enrolled all newly diagnosed patients with myeloma between 2005 and 2020. Three outcome measures were used to determine healthcare utilization - total inpatient length of stay (LOS), number of admissions, and day ward attendances. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify significant covariates related to overall survival (OS) and healthcare utilization. Outcomes were subsequently adjusted for duration of follow-up and per patient year. Results There were 113 patients included; 60 (53.1%) female; median age at diagnosis was 67 years (IQR 62, 73 years) and 22.1% were high risk International Staging System (ISS). Further baseline demographics are presented in Table 1. Median duration of follow up was 3.2 years (IQR 1.50, 6.55). Sixty patients (53.1%) died, 91.7% attributable to myeloma or its treatment. Predictors of OS by multivariable analysis were advanced stage [ISS III (p