Quantified CO 2 -related indicators for green building rating systems in China

Buildings’ CO 2 -related indicators are essential in checking negative effects of global warming on the environment. They are required in Green Building Rating Systems (GBRS) to promote low-carbon development. Most of Asian GBRS consider CO 2 -related evaluations. In China, Assessment Standard for Green Buildings (ASGB) includes CO 2 -related indicators; however, the standard lacks the necessary specification for quantisation and compulsory requirements for evaluation. There is a lack of research regarding its updated version, ASGB-2019. The objective of this paper is to propose a framework of CO 2 -related indicators in ASGB-2019, compared with Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) and Green Building Evaluation Manual (EEWH). CO 2 -related indicators were compared in terms of structure, weights, evaluation and calculation methods. CO 2 -related indicators cover the first and second level indexes and are included in direct and indirect evaluation in all three GBRS. While scopes of CO 2 -related indicators are different among these three GBRS, weights from large to small are EEWH, CASBEE and ASGB. CASBEE and EEWH would give more importance to CO 2 -related calculation than ASGB. The proposed framework will guide CO 2 -related evaluations in ASGB-2019 by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. For ASGB-2019, the scope of CO 2 -related indicators should be broadened to include the Required and Encouragement indicators, the weights could be around 50% for broad scope and 16% for narrow scope. The CO 2 emissions calculation should be an indispensable indicator.