Creativity, music, and quality of later life: A systematic review

The aim of this systematic review was to interrogate the existing literature that articulates indirect or direct links between quality of life (QoL) and creativity in later life musical learning and participation. Search terms were related to the concept (creativity), the context (music), the population (aging), and the outcome (QoL). Twenty-three articles were retained. The link between creativity and QoL focused primarily on the role of creativity in life enrichment and subjective well-being. Creativity in participatory music-making was found to be underpinned by social engagement, collaboration, and inclusivity. Opportunities for creative expression through participatory music-making offered a range of benefits relating to QoL that included positive emotions, engagement, relationships, a sense of meaning, and accomplishment. Our systematic review highlights limitations with regard to theoretical explanations for the characteristics of a creative musical process or product within later life contexts, the specific contributions of these creative processes and products in relation to quality of later life, and the specific ways in which creative musical expression can be facilitated within diverse and multicultural later life contexts so as to maximize the potential QoL benefits for our aging population.