Long-term trends accentuate the import of creative and critical thinking skills developed by design thinking and ill-defined questions

The economic, financial, and political trends such as stagnating standards of living, fiscal pressure, and an escalating mistrust of government were set in motion during the 1960s and 1970s. Due to the duration of the trends, the magnitude, but not the nature, of the challenges confronting the health care, nonprofit and public sectors has changed. Consequently, with the exception of adding topics relating to strategies for securing voluntary compliance and effectively interacting with constituents who are increasingly angry and opposed to government intervention, the Great Recession and subsequent Age of Austerity do not appreciably affect the Master in Public Administration (MPA) curriculum’s content. However, the intractable nature of the challenges accompanying the trends places a premium on cultivating the students’ critical thinking and creative skills. Meeting this challenge necessitates the adoption of learning strategies that shift to students a greater share of the responsibility for learning. One of the options for achieving the outcome is to provide students with the foundational materials and an ill-defined problem that, in conjunction with design thinking, maximizes the students’ freedom to independently define the problem, identify the requisite information for analysis, and develop solutions. The article provides examples of the learning strategy that has been applied in several courses.