The correlation between self-reported sleep quality, anxiety levels, and balance confidence among university students

Recently, the incidence of poor sleep quality and anxiety levels has increased among university students. The psychological and physical factors that students commonly experience may also correlate with their ability to balance confidently during daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality, anxiety levels, and balance confidence among university students. A total of 217 participants, aged between 18 and 25 years, with no hearing loss or vestibular/balance disorder, no metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric diseases, and no sleep apnea, were included in the study. The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. Anxiety level and poor sleep quality were negatively correlated with balance confidence (r = −.323 for anxiety, r = −.293 for sleep quality, p