Failure simulations of open-hole and unnotched IM7/977-3 coupons subjected to quasi-static loading using Autodesk Helius PFA

Finite element simulations of three laminates in open-hole and unnotched configurations subjected to tension and compression quasi-static loading are investigated as part of the Damage Tolerant Design Principles program organized by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The coupons are made from unidirectional IM7/977-3 plies, which are a composite material composed of intermediate modulus carbon fibers and a toughened epoxy matrix. Blind simulations of coupon stiffness, nominal coupon stress at failure and damage evolution are benchmarked against experimental measurements and X-rays. The blind simulations are followed by a second round of simulations where the modeling strategy is modified to improve agreement between the simulations and experiments. In the present article, the commercial software Autodesk Helius PFA is used to model the non-linear response of the composite material. Within Helius PFA, failure is evaluated at the constituent level by extracting the fiber and matrix volume average stress state from the homogenized composite stress state. The relationships between the composite and constituents are developed using multicontinuum theory and a high-fidelity micromechanics model.