Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank
Rationale: Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown. Objectives: To investigate whether air pollution and genetic factors jointly contribute to incident lung ca...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2021-10, Vol.204 (7), p.817-825 |
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| creator | Huang, Yanqian Zhu, Meng Ji, Mengmeng Fan, Jingyi Xie, Junxing Wei, Xiaoxia Jiang, Xiangxiang Xu, Jing Chen, Liang Yin, Rong Wang, Yuzhuo Dai, Juncheng Jin, Guangfu Xu, Lin Hu, Zhibin Ma, Hongxia Shen, Hongbing |
| description | Rationale: Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown.
Objectives: To investigate whether air pollution and genetic factors jointly contribute to incident lung cancer.
Methods: We analyzed data from 455,974 participants (53% women) without previous cancer at baseline in the UK Biobank. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM) (PM |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1164/rccm.202011-4063OC |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1164_rccm_202011_4063OC</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2580074861</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-60f1f25e8734ba290f64bf2b2f058067e01d8a12ce02e89c0a57594757deb20c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkc1O3DAURi3UCijtC7CoLHUJgeu_OFlOI6AVI4EoSN1FjmNTw4w9tZ1WvH09BFh3ZS_O992rcxE6JHBCSM1Po9brEwoUCKk41Oyq20H7RDBR8VbCu_IHySrO25976ENKDwCENgR20R7jVJQY3Udq4SK-DqvVlF3wx_jCeJOdxudK5xDTMVZ-xPmXwTcuPeJg8XLy97hTXpuIF_g6hrQxOrs_Bv_I0_iEnX_G7y7xVxcG5R8_ovdWrZL59PIeoLvzs9vuW7W8uvjeLZaVZozkqgZLLBWmkYwPirZgaz5YOlALooFaGiBjowjVBqhpWg1KSNFyKeRoBgqaHaAvc-8mht-TSbl_CFP0ZWRPSwNI3tSkUHSmdNk8RWP7TXRrFZ96Av3War-12s9W-9lqCX1-qZ6GtRnfIq8aC3A0A3_NEGzSzhQ_bxiU4SB4XZctgMhCN_9Pdy6r7Wm6MPnM_gER4JIY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2580074861</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>American Thoracic Society (ATS) Journals Online</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Huang, Yanqian ; Zhu, Meng ; Ji, Mengmeng ; Fan, Jingyi ; Xie, Junxing ; Wei, Xiaoxia ; Jiang, Xiangxiang ; Xu, Jing ; Chen, Liang ; Yin, Rong ; Wang, Yuzhuo ; Dai, Juncheng ; Jin, Guangfu ; Xu, Lin ; Hu, Zhibin ; Ma, Hongxia ; Shen, Hongbing</creator><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yanqian ; Zhu, Meng ; Ji, Mengmeng ; Fan, Jingyi ; Xie, Junxing ; Wei, Xiaoxia ; Jiang, Xiangxiang ; Xu, Jing ; Chen, Liang ; Yin, Rong ; Wang, Yuzhuo ; Dai, Juncheng ; Jin, Guangfu ; Xu, Lin ; Hu, Zhibin ; Ma, Hongxia ; Shen, Hongbing</creatorcontrib><description>Rationale: Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown.
Objectives: To investigate whether air pollution and genetic factors jointly contribute to incident lung cancer.
Methods: We analyzed data from 455,974 participants (53% women) without previous cancer at baseline in the UK Biobank. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM) (PM <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5], coarse PM between 2.5 mm and 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PMcoarse], and PM <= 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PM10]), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were estimated by using land-use regression models, and the association between air pollutants and incident lung cancer was investigated by using a Cox proportional hazard model. Furthermore, we constructed a polygenic risk score and evaluated whether air pollutants modified the effect of genetic susceptibility on the development of lung cancer.
Measurements and Main Results: The results showed significant associations between the risk of lung cancer and PM2.5 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.01; per 5 mg/m(3)), PM10 (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.20-1.96; per 10 mg/m(3)), NO2 (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15; per 10 mg/m(3)), and NOx (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.18; per 20 mg/m(3)). There were additive interactions between air pollutants and the genetic risk. Compared with participants with low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure, those with high air pollution exposure and high genetic risk had the highest risk of lung cancer (PM2.5: HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.45-2.02; PM10: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.50-2.10; NO2: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.42-2.22; NOx: HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.43-1.95).
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to air pollution may increase the risk of lung cancer, especially in those with high genetic risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1073-449X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1535-4970</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202011-4063OC</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34252012</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>NEW YORK: Amer Thoracic Soc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Air Pollutants - toxicity ; Air pollution ; Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Air Pollution - analysis ; Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Critical Care Medicine ; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure - analysis ; Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; General & Internal Medicine ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetics ; Health risks ; Humans ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Lung cancer ; Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Lung Neoplasms - etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitrogen Oxides - toxicity ; Particulate Matter - analysis ; Particulate Matter - toxicity ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory System ; Risk Factors ; Science & Technology ; United Kingdom - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2021-10, Vol.204 (7), p.817-825</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Thoracic Society Oct 1, 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>166</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000705466800017</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-60f1f25e8734ba290f64bf2b2f058067e01d8a12ce02e89c0a57594757deb20c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-60f1f25e8734ba290f64bf2b2f058067e01d8a12ce02e89c0a57594757deb20c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2153-4840 ; 0000-0001-5122-1733 ; 0000-0002-9821-6955 ; 0000-0002-2581-5906 ; 0000-0001-7247-0077 ; 0000-0002-3909-5671</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,4026,27929,27930,39263</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34252012$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yanqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Mengmeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Jingyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Junxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Xiaoxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Xiangxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuzhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Juncheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Guangfu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Lin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Zhibin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Hongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Hongbing</creatorcontrib><title>Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank</title><title>American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine</title><addtitle>AM J RESP CRIT CARE</addtitle><addtitle>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</addtitle><description>Rationale: Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown.
Objectives: To investigate whether air pollution and genetic factors jointly contribute to incident lung cancer.
Methods: We analyzed data from 455,974 participants (53% women) without previous cancer at baseline in the UK Biobank. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM) (PM <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5], coarse PM between 2.5 mm and 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PMcoarse], and PM <= 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PM10]), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were estimated by using land-use regression models, and the association between air pollutants and incident lung cancer was investigated by using a Cox proportional hazard model. Furthermore, we constructed a polygenic risk score and evaluated whether air pollutants modified the effect of genetic susceptibility on the development of lung cancer.
Measurements and Main Results: The results showed significant associations between the risk of lung cancer and PM2.5 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.01; per 5 mg/m(3)), PM10 (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.20-1.96; per 10 mg/m(3)), NO2 (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15; per 10 mg/m(3)), and NOx (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.18; per 20 mg/m(3)). There were additive interactions between air pollutants and the genetic risk. Compared with participants with low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure, those with high air pollution exposure and high genetic risk had the highest risk of lung cancer (PM2.5: HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.45-2.02; PM10: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.50-2.10; NO2: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.42-2.22; NOx: HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.43-1.95).
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to air pollution may increase the risk of lung cancer, especially in those with high genetic risk.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - toxicity</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Air Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Biological Specimen Banks</subject><subject>Critical Care Medicine</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gene-Environment Interaction</subject><subject>General & Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Genetic Predisposition to Disease</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Lung cancer</subject><subject>Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Lung Neoplasms - etiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nitrogen Oxides - toxicity</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - toxicity</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Respiratory System</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>United Kingdom - epidemiology</subject><issn>1073-449X</issn><issn>1535-4970</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1O3DAURi3UCijtC7CoLHUJgeu_OFlOI6AVI4EoSN1FjmNTw4w9tZ1WvH09BFh3ZS_O992rcxE6JHBCSM1Po9brEwoUCKk41Oyq20H7RDBR8VbCu_IHySrO25976ENKDwCENgR20R7jVJQY3Udq4SK-DqvVlF3wx_jCeJOdxudK5xDTMVZ-xPmXwTcuPeJg8XLy97hTXpuIF_g6hrQxOrs_Bv_I0_iEnX_G7y7xVxcG5R8_ovdWrZL59PIeoLvzs9vuW7W8uvjeLZaVZozkqgZLLBWmkYwPirZgaz5YOlALooFaGiBjowjVBqhpWg1KSNFyKeRoBgqaHaAvc-8mht-TSbl_CFP0ZWRPSwNI3tSkUHSmdNk8RWP7TXRrFZ96Av3War-12s9W-9lqCX1-qZ6GtRnfIq8aC3A0A3_NEGzSzhQ_bxiU4SB4XZctgMhCN_9Pdy6r7Wm6MPnM_gER4JIY</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>Huang, Yanqian</creator><creator>Zhu, Meng</creator><creator>Ji, Mengmeng</creator><creator>Fan, Jingyi</creator><creator>Xie, Junxing</creator><creator>Wei, Xiaoxia</creator><creator>Jiang, Xiangxiang</creator><creator>Xu, Jing</creator><creator>Chen, Liang</creator><creator>Yin, Rong</creator><creator>Wang, Yuzhuo</creator><creator>Dai, Juncheng</creator><creator>Jin, Guangfu</creator><creator>Xu, Lin</creator><creator>Hu, Zhibin</creator><creator>Ma, Hongxia</creator><creator>Shen, Hongbing</creator><general>Amer Thoracic Soc</general><general>American Thoracic Society</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2153-4840</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-1733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9821-6955</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-5906</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-0077</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-5671</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank</title><author>Huang, Yanqian ; Zhu, Meng ; Ji, Mengmeng ; Fan, Jingyi ; Xie, Junxing ; Wei, Xiaoxia ; Jiang, Xiangxiang ; Xu, Jing ; Chen, Liang ; Yin, Rong ; Wang, Yuzhuo ; Dai, Juncheng ; Jin, Guangfu ; Xu, Lin ; Hu, Zhibin ; Ma, Hongxia ; Shen, Hongbing</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-60f1f25e8734ba290f64bf2b2f058067e01d8a12ce02e89c0a57594757deb20c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - toxicity</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Air Pollution - adverse effects</topic><topic>Air Pollution - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Biological Specimen Banks</topic><topic>Critical Care Medicine</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gene-Environment Interaction</topic><topic>General & Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Genetic Predisposition to Disease</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - etiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nitrogen Oxides - toxicity</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - analysis</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - toxicity</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Respiratory System</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>United Kingdom - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yanqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Mengmeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Jingyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Junxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Xiaoxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Xiangxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuzhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Juncheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Guangfu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Lin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Zhibin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Hongxia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Hongbing</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><jtitle>American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, Yanqian</au><au>Zhu, Meng</au><au>Ji, Mengmeng</au><au>Fan, Jingyi</au><au>Xie, Junxing</au><au>Wei, Xiaoxia</au><au>Jiang, Xiangxiang</au><au>Xu, Jing</au><au>Chen, Liang</au><au>Yin, Rong</au><au>Wang, Yuzhuo</au><au>Dai, Juncheng</au><au>Jin, Guangfu</au><au>Xu, Lin</au><au>Hu, Zhibin</au><au>Ma, Hongxia</au><au>Shen, Hongbing</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank</atitle><jtitle>American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine</jtitle><stitle>AM J RESP CRIT CARE</stitle><addtitle>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</addtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>204</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>817</spage><epage>825</epage><pages>817-825</pages><issn>1073-449X</issn><eissn>1535-4970</eissn><abstract>Rationale: Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown.
Objectives: To investigate whether air pollution and genetic factors jointly contribute to incident lung cancer.
Methods: We analyzed data from 455,974 participants (53% women) without previous cancer at baseline in the UK Biobank. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM) (PM <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5], coarse PM between 2.5 mm and 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PMcoarse], and PM <= 10 mm in aerodynamic diameter [PM10]), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were estimated by using land-use regression models, and the association between air pollutants and incident lung cancer was investigated by using a Cox proportional hazard model. Furthermore, we constructed a polygenic risk score and evaluated whether air pollutants modified the effect of genetic susceptibility on the development of lung cancer.
Measurements and Main Results: The results showed significant associations between the risk of lung cancer and PM2.5 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.01; per 5 mg/m(3)), PM10 (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.20-1.96; per 10 mg/m(3)), NO2 (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15; per 10 mg/m(3)), and NOx (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.18; per 20 mg/m(3)). There were additive interactions between air pollutants and the genetic risk. Compared with participants with low genetic risk and low air pollution exposure, those with high air pollution exposure and high genetic risk had the highest risk of lung cancer (PM2.5: HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.45-2.02; PM10: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.50-2.10; NO2: HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.42-2.22; NOx: HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.43-1.95).
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to air pollution may increase the risk of lung cancer, especially in those with high genetic risk.</abstract><cop>NEW YORK</cop><pub>Amer Thoracic Soc</pub><pmid>34252012</pmid><doi>10.1164/rccm.202011-4063OC</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2153-4840</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-1733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9821-6955</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-5906</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-0077</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-5671</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Aged Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollutants - toxicity Air pollution Air Pollution - adverse effects Air Pollution - analysis Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data Biological Specimen Banks Critical Care Medicine Environmental Exposure - adverse effects Environmental Exposure - analysis Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data Female Follow-Up Studies Gene-Environment Interaction General & Internal Medicine Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genetics Health risks Humans Life Sciences & Biomedicine Lung cancer Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology Lung Neoplasms - etiology Male Middle Aged Nitrogen Oxides - toxicity Particulate Matter - analysis Particulate Matter - toxicity Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Respiratory System Risk Factors Science & Technology United Kingdom - epidemiology |
| title | Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank |
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