Chemical Investigation on Essential Oil Composition of Tithonia diversifolia Growing Wild in Côte d'Ivoire

Tithonia diversifolia is widely used in African and American traditional medicine. Several biological and pharmacological studies have been carried out, using extract and essential oil of Tithonia diversifolia . Considering the numerous medecinal properties that justify the interest of continuing the chemical description of essential oil from this species. The present study aims to investigate essential oils from fresh organs (leaves, flowers, stems, roots) of Tithonia diversifolia, growing in four localities of Côte d’Ivoire. The essential oils are extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. 67 compounds were obtained by GC-MS analysis, with the most dominant being monoterpene hydrocarbons, followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The description of the essential oil (EO) composition from Tithonia diversifolia’s roots shown α-pinene (95.05 to 97.01%), modephene (14.59 to 15.77%), β -pinene (1.46 to 10.05%) and α- isocomene (7.03 to 8.43%) as major compounds. Leaves essential oil was characterized by a predominance of α -pinene (8.66 to 29.76%), limonene (8.43 to 49.02%) and trans-β -ocimene (18.05 to 28.35%). In addition, stem oil was dominated by α -pinene (68.4 to 88.03%), allowed by β -pinene (2.78 to 15.05%) and limonene (7.39 to 14.29%). Limonen (33.08 to 40.07) was a main compound for flowers oil. In front of the chemical variabity of the EO compositions, the results of analysis were submitted to hierarchical cluster. Two groups G1 and G2 were found, dominated by α -pinene and cis bisabolen respectively