Molecular Assessment of Neck Dissections Supports Preserving Level IIB Lymph Nodes in Selective Neck Dissection for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with a Clinically Negative Neck

Objectives: It was the aim of this study to determine whether level IIB lymph nodes can be saved in elective neck dissection as a treatment for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx. We present a prospective analysis of a case series. Methods: Thirty-one patients with SCC of the larynx and without palpable lymph nodes at the neck who underwent an elective neck dissection were prospectively studied. The incidence of micrometastasis to level IIB lymph nodes after performing elective neck dissection was evaluated by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for cytokeratin (CK)19 and CK20 as well as by pathological examination. Results: Nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for CK19 and CK20 mRNA presented similar results but differed from the pathological examination. Of the 31 patients, 6 (19%) by pathological analysis and 9 (29%) by molecular analysis had lymph nodes positive for metastatic SCC. By molecular analysis, only 1 of the 31 patients had involvement of level IIB lymph nodes. Conclusions: This region may be preserved in elective neck dissection in patients with SCC of the larynx, so that accessory nerve dysfunction can be minimized and operative time can be saved.