Effects of Black Quinoa Polysaccharides on Obesity and Intestinal Flora Dysbiosis in T2DM Mice

To explore the mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect of BQP in type 2 diabetic mice induced by the combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Treatment with BQP significantly ameliorated blood glucose and lipid levels and improved oxidative stress levels and liver injury levels. The results of the intestinal flora study showed that the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecum contents of BQP group mice was significantly higher than those of the diabetic mice. BQP treatment improved microbial disorders in feces, altered the diversity of intestinal flora, reduced the Bacteroidota to Firmicutes (B/F) ratio in diabetic mice, and increased the abundance of Dubosiella, Akkermansia, Faecalibaculum, and Allobaculum. Spearman correlation analysis showed that changes in intestinal microorganisms were closely related to biochemical parameters. The function’s prediction of gut microbiota indicated that the microbial compositions involving chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, Gram-negative, potential pathogenicity, and sulfur cycle were changed. Conclusion. Intake of BQP can effectively regulate the blood glucose level of diabetic mice through improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of obesity and intestinal microecological balance.