Au(111) Surface Oxidation Kinetics Probed by Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid

The kinetics of surface oxidation for Au(111) in 0.1 M HCOOH + 0.1 M HClO 4 was studied at 20 °C utilizing the electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR). In the surface oxidation region, cyclic voltammetry shows a distinct dependence of FAOR on scan rate revealing simultaneous deactivation of active surface sites. The surface oxide is essentially inactive for the FAOR. A series of current-time curves was recorded after potential steps into the potential range between 0.65 and 1.00 V vs saturated Mercury-mercurous sulfate electrode and analyzed within a three-step surface oxidation model, which successively involves (i) adsorption at surface defects, (ii) adsorption on well-defined Au(111) terraces, and (iii) two-dimensional nucleation-and-growth on terraces. Although Au surface oxidation is by far more complex, the system can be described in terms of the intrinsic activity of the Au(111) surface j max FAOR E and the oxide coverage θ t , E . The chronoamperometric measurements can be modeled without considering the interaction of the oxide species with the FAOR and the co-adsorption of anions. The potential dependence of the kinetic parameters is used to obtain theoretical current-time curves for FAOR on Au(111). This study sheds light on the “fast FAOR” and contributes to the understanding of degradation phenomena in electrocatalysis. Kinetics of gold surface oxidation was studied using formic acid electro-oxidation Gold surface oxide is inactive for formic acid electro-oxidation reaction Current transients are modelled using a phenomenological approach 2D nucleation-and-growth kinetics besides adsorption at defects and on terraces