Strategies for Reducing the PGM Loading in High Power AEMFC Anodes

Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (AEMFCs) have experienced a significant rise in attention in recent years, largely motivated by the potential to overcome the costs that have plateaued for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, despite significant advances in power generation, membrane conductivity, membrane stability, and catalyst activity, the vast majority of high performing AEMFCs are fabricated with a high PGM loading (0.4-0.8 mg cm-2). This work demonstrates an electrode fabrication method that reduces the anode catalyst loading by 85 % while still achieving performance ca. 1 W cm-2 - accomplished by designing a multi-layered electrode comprised of an optimized ionomer:carbon:PGM ratio catalyst layer coupled with a hydrophobic microporous layer. If paired with a high-performing PGM-free cathode, this new anode can meet existing DOE PGM loading and performance targets.