Electrochemical Characterization of Phosphorus Encapsulated in Drilled Carbon Nanotubes as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Phosphorus-encapsulated carbon nanotubes have been prepared and investigated as anodes for lithium ion batteries. The anode performance showed an excellent reversible capacity of ~700 mAh/g in phosphorus and capacity retention of almost 100% after charge-discharge cycling at the 15th cycle. The excellent cyclability is thought to be attributed to stable trapping of phosphorus in carbon nanotubes with oxygen functional groups even though lithium metal is deposited on the anodes.