Climate Networks Based on Phase Synchronization Analysis Track El-Niño

Eight networks, based on temperature records from four different geographical regions in two pressure levels, are created in resolute snapshots of time for the last 28 years. The links represent the level of robust phase synchronization between places in the interior of each regime. The number of links appears to be a sensitive measure of the El-Niño influence even on regimes far away from the El-Niño basin. A comparison between the statistical information of the phase synchronization network and the similar information obtained previously using cross correlation technique is provided.