Transparent Cell for Protein Crystallization under Low Applied Voltage

A transparent cell with the ability to apply a uniform internal electric field has been designed for protein crystallization. The parallel configuration of two plate electrodes coated with transparent conductive films provides a cell where the growth of protein crystals can be observed. In addition, the electrodes allow the formation of parallel electric fields in the protein solution, which can be applied at a very low voltage so that the electrolysis of the solution does not occur.