Supernucleophilic systems based on functionalized surfactants in the decomposition of 4-nitrophenyl esters derived from phosphorus and sulfur acids: II. Influence of the length of hydrophobic alkyl substituents on micellar effects of functionalized monomeric and dimeric imidazolium surfactants

New dimeric functionalized surfactants, 3,3′-[2-(hydroxyimino)propan-1,3-diyl]bis(1-alkyl-1 H -imidazol-3-ium) dichlorides (Alk = C 12 H 25 , C 14 H 29 , C 16 H 33 ), underlie the supernucleophilic microorganized systems capable of abnormally fast cleavage of acyl-containing substrates. Micellar effects both of monomeric and dimeric imidazolium surfactants in the cleavage processes of 4-nitrophenyl esters of diethylphosphonic, diethylphosphoric, and 4-toluenesulfonic acids are governed mostly by the hydrophobicity of the reaction components (acceleration ∼10 2 –10 3 times). The unquestionable advantage of dimeric surfactants is their especially low critical micelle concentrations (≤10 −5 mol L −1 ), providing a possibility to attain the same micellar effects at the surfactant concentration lower by an order of magnitude (and yet even lower) than in the case of monomeric analogs.