Quantum noise and the quality control of hardware components of quantum computers based on superconducting phase qubits

A general approach to the provision of the quality and efficiency of quantum information technologies is proposed. The approach is based on the analysis of quantum noise generated on the implementation of quantum operations. The method of precision quantum measurements of logic quantum gates based on superconducting phase qubits is developed. The universal method of quantum state and process tomography is used to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the fidelity of the tomography of two-qubit SQiSW, CNOT, and CZ gates arising from the capacitive coupling between qubits. The method of optimization of quantum process tomography is proposed to provide a substantially higher degree of adequacy and fidelity compared to those attained by previously known methods. The examples of simulation of depolarizing quantum noise and amplitude- and phase-relaxation processes on the implementation of quantum operations in registers are considered.