To the theory of homogeneous nucleation: The nonisothermality of the Szilard model

The kinetics of clusters in a nucleating system was considered. The inapplicability in principle of the Gauss (symmetrical) approximation to the distribution of clusters in a system with temperature fluctuations was shown. The appearance of “nonisothermality” was demonstrated by consistently using the exact (nonsymmetrical) representation of fluctuations. The nonisothermality under consideration was shown to arise even at saturation S = 1. The results that describe the degree of nonisothermality of the distribution of water clusters were obtained. These results showed that the nonisothermality effect weakly depended on the rate of heat transfer between clusters and the environment, which was in agreement with the experimental data on nucleation in various gases at various pressures.