Introduction to reproducible laboratory hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray sources with a photon energy higher than 2140 eV are increasingly being used for routine x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on laboratory-based instruments. This analytical approach is termed “HAXPES” (hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). This article provides an overview of the current...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of vacuum science & technology. A, Vacuum, surfaces, and films Vacuum, surfaces, and films, 2024-09, Vol.42 (5) |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
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Zusammenfassung: | X-ray sources with a photon energy higher than 2140 eV are increasingly being used for routine x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on laboratory-based instruments. This analytical approach is termed “HAXPES” (hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). This article provides an overview of the current and potential future uses of laboratory-based HAXPES in comparison to routine XPS performed using Al Kα and Mg Kα x-ray sources. The standardization of XPS has occurred over 30 years and many of the procedures and reference works are specific to the use of Al Kα and Mg Kα x-ray sources. In this article, we discuss the translation of standard XPS practices to HAXPES, indicate useful resources for HAXPES users, and highlight areas where there is a need for improved information and guidance. |
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ISSN: | 0734-2101 1520-8559 |
DOI: | 10.1116/6.0003740 |