BIKED: A Dataset for Computational Bicycle Design With Machine Learning Benchmarks

In this paper, we present “BIKED,” a dataset composed of 4500 individually designed bicycle models sourced from hundreds of designers. We expect BIKED to enable a variety of data-driven design applications for bicycles and support the development of data-driven design methods. The dataset is comprised of a variety of design information including assembly images, component images, numerical design parameters, and class labels. In this paper, we first discuss the processing of the dataset, and then highlight some prominent research questions that BIKED can help address. Of these questions, we further explore the following in detail: (1) How can we explore, understand, and visualize the current design space of bicycles and utilize this information? We apply unsupervised embedding methods to study the design space and identify key takeaways from this analysis. (2) When designing bikes using algorithms, under what conditions can machines understand the design of a given bike? We train a multitude of classifiers to understand designs, then examine the behavior of these classifiers through confusion matrices and permutation-based interpretability analysis. 3) Can machines learn to synthesize new bicycle designs by studying existing ones? We test Variational Autoencoders on random generation, interpolation, and extrapolation tasks after training on BIKED data. The dataset and code are available online.