Variable Stiffness Spring Using Tensegrity Prisms

A novel variable stiffness mechanism (i.e., variable spring) based on the concept of tensegrity structures is presented. Variable springs have extensive applications in noise and vibration control. The proposed method builds upon the prestress stiffness in tensegrities, which occurs along infinitesimal mechanisms and is fully controllable through force control in the members. A criterion is given to select a suitable tensegrity structure and an infinitesimal mechanism to develop a variable spring. Also, a mathematical model is developed for the stiffness components in an n-gon tensegrity prism. The variable components of the stiffness are then utilized to create a translational or rotational variable spring. In order to elaborate on the feasibility of the concept, a case study is presented on the engine mount of a vehicle. Parameters of a possible design of a variable stiffness mount are given, and the characteristics are compared with those of a conventional passive mount. This is followed by a detailed discussion on the properties of such a variable spring and the effects of various parameters.